File permissions in Linux
In this article we’re going to cover topics such as the basics of Linux file access rights, useful commands that allow you to manage file permissions, as well as numerical and special access modes.
1. Basics
From its beginnings, UNIX was multi-user environment. This feature enforced the implementation of some security mechanisms to secure data and the whole system from unauthorized access. The standard solution is DAC (Discretionary Access Control). In DAC, it is the user’s task to decide on the access rights for files. Due to operating systems development, this model become insufficient. New models were introduced, like MAC (Mandatory Access Control), ACL (Access Control List), and their implementations such as SELinux, TrustedBSD, Trusted Solaris.
2. File owner
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