traceroute - a very useful troubleshooting tool which reveals the bottlenecks on the Internet
I am sure anyone who is at the least Internet savvy, will be aware that to move data from one point say A to another point B across the Internet, it has to pass through a number of intermediary points say C, D,E.... But what many won't know is that your data is not transferred in one piece when it is sent over the net, rather, it is split into chunks of say 1500 bytes each, then each chunk is enclosed in what is known as a packet which contain some additional data such as the destination IP address and port number apart from some other details which provide the unique identity to the packet and finally it is sent across the net.
While the packets travel the path from point A to point B, each packet may take a different path depending upon diverse factors and eventually they are merged together in the same order at the receiving end to provide the document you sent in the first place.
The intermediate gateways through which the packets pass through before they reach the final destination are known as hops. So for data to travel from point A to point B on the net, it has to go through a number of hops.
Linux & Unix being network operating systems have a number of powerful tools which aid the network administrator to find out a wealth of data about their network and the Internet. One such tool is the ubiquitous traceroute.
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